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A Multicomponent Exercise Intervention that Reverses Frailty and Improves Cognition, Emotion, and Social Networking in the Community-Dwelling Frail Elderly: A Randomized Clinical Trial

F.J. Tarazona-Santabalbina, M.C. Gómez-Cabrera, P. Pérez-Ros, et al.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016;17(5):426-33

The aim of this study is to ascertain if a supervised-facility multicomponent exercise program (MEP) when performed by frail older persons can reverse frailty and improve functionality; cognitive, emotional, and social networking; as well as biological biomarkers of frailty, when compared with a controlled population that received no training. 

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Physical Frailty Assessment in Older Women: Can Simplification Be Achieved Without Loss of Syndrome Measurement Validity?

Q.L. Xue, J. Tian, L.P. Fried, et al.

Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(11):1037-44

Different phenotypes have increasingly been used as tools for clinical characterization of frailty among older adults. Although there have been studies about the comparability and effectiveness of various simplifications and approximations of existing frailty phenotypes for risk prediction, there have been no studies in which investigators evaluated the stability of the clinical characterization achieved. Findings obtained shown that it was no merely the number of criteria used to characterize the PFPs but rather the specific criteria combinations that predicted the risk of adverse outcomes. There are clinically important contexts in which simplified PFPs cannot be used interchangeably.

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Prevention of frailty through narrative intervention

S. Freitag and S. Schmidt

Soc Sci Med. 2016;160:120-7

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a biographical disclosure intervention on psychological frailty and health in older adults. The results of the intervention indicate a short-term positive effect on frailty and mental health in elderly people, who benefitted from the disclosure intervention in terms of improved mental health and lower frailty levels.

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Association of frailty with the serine protease HtrA1 in older adults

M. Lorenzi, T. Lorenzi, E. Marzetti, et al.

Exp Gerontol. 2016;81:8-12

High-temperature requirement serine protease A1 (HtrA1) is a secreted multidomain serine protease implicated in the inhibition of signaling of active transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)1, a cytokine which has an important anti-inflammation role.

These findings demonstrate for the first time the association of plasma levels of HtrA1 with frailty status.

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Consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of frailty: a dose-response analysis of 3 prospective cohorts of community-dwelling older adults

E. García-Esquinas, B. Rahi, K. Peres, et al.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;104(1):132-42

We sought to examine the dose-response association between fruit and vegetables consumption and the risk of frailty in older adults.

Among community-dwelling older adults, fruit and vegetables consumption was associated with a lower short-term risk of frailty in a dose-response manner, and the strongest association was obtained with 3 portions of fruit/d and 2 portions of vegetables/d

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Associations of Computed Tomography-Based Trunk Muscle Size and Density With Balance and Falls in Older Adults

D.E. Anderson, E. Quinn, E. Parker, et al.

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(6):811-6

Aging is associated with significant declines in muscle size and density, but associations of trunk muscle size and density with balance and falls in older adults have not been previously examined. Results suggest that higher muscle density was associated with reduced postural sway, particularly sway velocities, in both men and women, and better Short Physical Performance Battery score in women, but was not associated with falls.

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Successful Aging and Frailty: Opposite Sides of the Same Coin?

J. Woo, J. Leung and T. Zhang

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016;17(9):797-801

This study explore the hypothesis that frailty and successful aging are two sides of the same coin and that walking speed may be an objective indicator of successful aging. Fast walkers had better self-rated health, lower prevalence of stroke, hypertension, cataracts, osteoporosis, and impaired cognitive function. They were more likely to be current alcohol users, more physically active, consumed more vegetables, had better physical component of health-related quality of life, and received more education. They also had lower body mass index, percentage whole body fat as well as appendicular fat, and higher appendicular muscle mass index.

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Effect of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation on the muscle transcriptome in older adults

J. Yoshino , G.I. Smith, S.C. Kelly, et al.

Physiol Rep. 2016;4(11). pii: e12785

In this study, we used muscle biopsy samples collected during a recently completed randomized controlled trial that found that n-3 PUFA therapy increased muscle mass and function in older adults to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effect of n-3 PUFA therapy on the skeletal muscle gene expression profile in these people. Data obtained suggest that n-3 PUFA therapy results in small but coordinated changes in the muscle transcriptome that may help explain the n-3 PUFA-induced improvements in muscle mass and function.

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Physical Activity Performed in the Evening Increases the Overnight Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Presleep Protein Ingestion in Older Men

A.M. Holwerda, I.W. Kouw, J. Trommelen, et al.

J Nutr. 2016;146(7):1307-14

The present study assessed whether physical activity performed in the evening can augment the overnight muscle protein synthetic response to presleep protein ingestion in older men. Physical activity performed in the evening augments the overnight muscle protein synthetic response to presleep protein ingestion and allows more of the ingested protein-derived amino acids to be used for de novo muscle protein synthesis during overnight sleep in older men.

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